Georgian Psychological Journal

PERSONALITY TRAITS AS CULTURAL MODELS (Georgian case – Aggression, Altruism, Flattery)

Lali Surmanidze — 2023-12-28

The article concerns the cultural models of personality traits viewed within the conceptual framework of cognitive psychological anthropology. It is believed that personality traits are shared cultural experiences formed in interaction with cultural practice and are represented in the psyche in the form of cultural models (schemas). 50 people (aged 25-45) participated in the study. For all participants Georgian was the first language. The study used psycho-semantic experiment and interviewing as research methods. 200 Georgian folk idioms were used as study material. The semantic space constructed on the basis of obtained results reflects the structure of semantic relations between the idioms. The interview provided material on the rational basis of semantic grouping used by research participants. It turned out that affective implications (feelings), perceptual implications (ideas about the similarity of the
elements united under the same category) and cognitive implications (naming of categories) proved to play the leading role in categorization. The data obtained from the interview and experiment were synthetically interpreted. The study analyses 3 personality traits: aggression, altruism and flattery. Personality traits and their components are interpreted within the culture-specific context.

GEORGIAN MIGRANTS IN GERMANY: BEING GEORGIAN – ETHNIC IDENTITY, INTRAGROUP AND INTERGROUP RELATIONSHIPS IN IMMIGRATION

Ekaterine Pirtskhalava — 2023-12-28

The given article presents data analysis from the study concerning adjustment and integration of Georgians in a new social environment after their migration to Germany. Long-lasting political, social and economic instability following the disintegration of the Soviet Union, forced many citizens to immigrate to save their families. Outflow of the population is still the case. The number of immigrants from Georgia increased in the last three years (2014-2016). Migrants changed target countries from time to time. Later, EU countries became more attractive for Georgians. The given study examines intragroup and intergroup relationships of Georgians residing in Germany. The material has been provided by in-depth interviews conducted with the Georgian immigrants living in the host country for at least 10 years. The study examines adjustment to the new cultural environment, which involves the dynamics of the integration process, intragroup and intergroup stigmatization which is based on subjective perceptions, the strategies aimed at the reduction of cognitive dissonance and the maintenance of cognitive identity.

UNVEILING THE SELF-PRESENTATION TACTICS ON FACEBOOK: THE ROLE OF PERSONALITY TRAITS

Khatuna Martskvishvili — 2023-12-28

Self-presentation tactics on Facebook are subjects of study by researchers in the area of Social Media Retrieval. Social networking sites, such as Facebook, offer social scientists a unique opportunity to observe behavior in a real setting and increase the accessibility of study participants from different countries and demographic groups. Modern social networking sites platforms provide abundant behavioral cues, including self-presentation tactics, which can potentially reveal an user’s personality. In the present study, we analyze two components of Facebook use: motives and self-presentation tactics, and explore the ways in which they associate with the Dark Triad and HEXACO personality traits. personality traits predict self-presentation tactics on Facebook; they lead individuals to certain motives for Facebook use and consequently, to specific self-presentation tactics. Besides, the motives of Facebook use mediate the relationship between personality traits and self-presentation tactics. The current study sheds light on the mechanisms of how personality traits might lead to self-presentation tactics on Facebook; it enhances existing knowledge about the relationship between motives of Facebook use and the self-presentation tactics employed by the Facebook users to achieve their goals.

THE ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE AND MEANINGFUL WORK IN THE FORMATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL OWNERSHIP

Ia Kutaladze — 2023-12-28

The study examines the relationship between two important constructs in organizational psychology – psychological ownership and meaningful work in the context of organizational justice. Perception of organizational justice is conceptualized as a contextual variable which is used to evaluate environmental influence (fair, unfair) on the relationship between the target variables. To better analyze the complex relationship between the variables, we introduced burnout as a dependent variable. 536 public servants participated in the study. The study used a self-administered questionnaire and the results were interpreted from the perspective of social exchange theory.

According to the study, meaningful work plays an important role in the development of the sense of psychological ownership towards the organization. The more valuable the work is, the stronger is the sense of psychological ownership towards the organization. Meaningful work enables employees to overcome problems at the workplace and cope with difficulties. Organizational justice moderates the relationship between meaningful work and psychological ownership. The importance of work compensates for the negative effect of the perception of organizational injustice on the development of psychological ownership. The relationship between the perception of the meaning of work and burnout is partially mediated by psychological ownership. Employees’ perception that they do valuable work contributes to the development of psychological ownership, which, in its turn, reduces the risk of burnout.

DIFFERENTIAL – PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE METHOD OF FIXATED SET: EMPIRICAL VERIFICATION

Maia Robakidze — 2023-12-28

Several decades passed after development of the experimental method in the psychology of set. In spite of this, it still arises interest in the modern studies of medical psychology and psychophysiology. Many researchers from different countries use the above method, known as “Uznadze effect”. Differently from most Georgian studies dedicated to the psychology of set, foreign colleagues use modern refined technologies and statistical methods in their experiments. For this reason, we decided to conduct set experiments with the use of software program and modern methods of statistical analysis to verify the findings related to individual types of fixated set and personality traits. 171 participated in the experiment on the fixation of set. The experiment followed Uznadze’s classical method, but with the use of special software developed for visual modality. In addition, research participants’ responses were automatically recorded. Research participants also completed the validated Georgian versions of Big Five personality test (NEO-FFI) and Spielberger inventory (STAI) measuring personal anxiety. Dispersion analysis showed that static type is characterized with a higher level of neuroticism and personal anxiety than the dynamic type. Also, the plastic type scores higher on extraversion than the individuals with coarse type of set. Logistic regression analysis showed that neuroticism is a predictor of the dynamics of the extinction process (predictor of staticity – dynamism).

STATE MECHANISMS FOR SOLVING THE MENTAL PROBLEMS OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

Tinatin Norakidze — 2023-12-28

In order to improve the mental health of children and adolescents, prevent the existing and potential problems and deal with them effectively, it is of primarily importance to study the overall situation in this area, work on future approaches based on the findings and their implementation. The present research discusses the existing situation related to the mental health of children and adolescents over the last twenty years on the examples of various countries, including Georgia. The aim is to study the problems, the changes that have happened and fresh initiatives to deal with the problems, as well as appropriate assistance mechanisms and the recommendations suggested to the countries by professionals.